The Compromise of 1850

MUSIC

Rage Against the Machine. "Killing in the Name." Rage Against the Machine. Rage Against the Machine and Garth Richardson, 1992, Spotify, https://open.spotify.com/track/59WN2psjkt1tyaxjspN8fp?si=8b2511e145604888.

@nbcnews. "A #Massachusettes woman says ICE vehicles...". Tiktok, 16 Apr 2025, https://www.tiktok.com/@nbcnews/video/7494013681651518762.

Kormann, Alex. "A Border Patrol Tactical unit agent...". The Minnesota Star Tribune and AXIOS, "'Get the f*** out': Fatal shooting..." by Kyle Strokes and Nick Halter, 8 Jan 2026, AXIOS Twin Cities, https://www.axios.com/local/twin-cities/2026/01/08/fatal-shooting-raises-tensions-ice-minneapolis-surge.

Moore, John. "A Honduran 2-year-old...". The New York Times, "Is This the Best Photo of the Year?" by James Estrin, 11 Apr 2019, NY Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/11/lens/is-this-the-best-photo-of-the-year.html.

"A lithograph of a runaway slave fleeing...". Library of Congress, image from, A Slave No More by David W. Blight, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2007, New York, NY.

"A newspaper advertisement for a runaway slave...". Ulter Plebian, 17 Sep 1823, New York State Archives Partnership Trust, https://www.nysarchivestrust.org/education/consider-source/browse-primary-source-documents/slavery/advertisement-runaway-slave-1823.

Guzy, Carol. "A security guard sheds tears...". Nieman Reports, "Human Drama Affects Many at US Immigration Facility," by Carol Guzy, 18 Nov 2025, Nieman Reports, https://niemanreports.org/carol-guzy-ice-immigration-photojournalism-nyc/.

Siu, Tyrone. "A supporter of ICE waves a U.S. flag amid tear gas...". Reuters, "ICE in Minneapolis: Scenes from the Streets", 13 Jan 2026, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/pictures/ice-minneapolis-scenes-streets-2026-01-13/QROOI6IHMNPZ7BY2O6YTAMUXLM/.

@nbcbayarea. "A video garnering attention online...". Tiktok, 29 Jul 2025, https://www.tiktok.com/@nbcbayarea/video/7532703562070068511.

"An article from The Liberator about...". The Liberator, 18 Oct 1850, National Park Service, https://www.nps.gov/articles/boston-s-underground-railroad.htm.

Fedorova, Olga. "An asylum seeker from Ecuador hugs her father...". The Seattle Times, "Photos show inside Trump's takeover of immigration courts," by Yuki Iwamura and Olga Fedorova, 19 Nov 2025, The Seattle Times, https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/nation/photos-show-inside-trumps-takeover-of-immigration-courts/.

Daniels, Ali. "An ICE agent holds onto the backpack...". Sahan Journal, "'Why detain a 5-year-old?' Columbia Heights school leaders speak out over students taken by ICE," by Becky Z. Dernbach, 21 Jan 2026, Sahan Journal, https://sahanjournal.com/education/ice-minnesota-columbia-heights-students-detained/.

Andrews, John. "Anthony Burns". R.M. Edwards, 1855, Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2003689280/.

"Anti-slavery meeting on the Common". 1851, Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2023632996/.

Bachmann, John. "Bird's eye view of Boston". J. Bachmann., 1850, National Park Service, https://www.nps.gov/bost/learn/historyculture.htm.

Clay, Edward Williams. "Black and White Slaves". A. Donnelly, 1841, Smithsonian, https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/object/nmah_324734.

Fedorova, Olga. "Brad Lander, the New York City Comptroller...". Associated Press, The New York Times, "Brad Lander is Arrested by ICE Agents at Immigration Courthouse," by Luis Ferré-Sadurní, 17 Jun 2025, NY Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/17/nyregion/brad-lander-immigration-ice.html.

Kramer, Peter. "Conquering Prejudice". 1851, The Library Company of Philadelphia, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A65077.

"Detail from an anti-Fugitive Slave Law broadside...". 1850, Gilder Lehrman Collection, https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-resources/essays/failure-compromise.

@cbsla. "Dramatic video shows the moment that a woman was thrown to the ground...". Instagram, Feb 2026, https://www.instagram.com/reels/DUYwXB4gSl8/.

Kaufmann, Theodor. "Effects of the Fugitive-Slave Law". Hoff & Bloede, 1850, Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2008661523/.

"Ev'n her babes, so dear, so young...". All That Is Interesting, "27 Harrowing Images from the 1830s' Anti-Slavery Almanacs," by Erin Kelly, 14 Apr 2016, All That is Interesting, https://allthatsinteresting.com/anti-slavery-almanac.

Evans, Tim. "Federal agents carry away a woman after...". Reuters, "ICE in Minneapolis: Scenes from the Streets", 13 Jan 2026, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/pictures/ice-minneapolis-scenes-streets-2026-01-13/QROOI6IHMNPZ7BY2O6YTAMUXLM/.

Healy, George Peter Alexander.. "Franklin Pierce". The White House, 1858, The White House Historical Association, https://www.whitehousehistory.org/photos/franklin-pierce.

"Fugitive Slaves". "E.B. Crocker and the South Bend Fugitive Slave Case," by Kevin Taylor, 16 Jun 2020, Aimée Crocker, https://aimeecrocker.com/culture/e-b-crocker-and-the-south-bend-fugitive-slave-case/.

Locher, John. "Garrison Gibson is arrested...". NBC News, "Judge orders release of Liberian man..." by The Associated Press, 16 Jan 2026, NBC News, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/judge-orders-release-liberian-man-arrested-minneapolis-agents-batterin-rcna254401.

Di Palermo, Dominic. "Greg Bovino, second from left...". Chicago Tribune, "Mother, children detained by ICE..." by Laura Rodríguez Presa, 29 Sep 2025, Chicago Tribune, https://www.chicagotribune.com/2025/09/29/ice-immigrant-families-ohare/.

Three Lions. "Illustration of U.S. federal troops...". Time, "What the Fugitive Slave Act Can Teach Us About Sanctuary Cities," by Sean Trainor, 7 Feb 2017, Time, https://time.com/4659391/sanctuary-cities-fugitive-slave-act/.

Sweat, Christopher. "In an image from video posted...". Chicago Tribune, "Chase of cyclist by ICE agents in downtown Chicago described as surreal by witness," by Tess Kenny., 30 Sep 2025, Chicago Tribune, https://www.chicagotribune.com/2025/09/30/immigration-chicago-ice-trump-cyclist-video/.

@abc7ny. "Jersey City councilmember Jake Ephros recorded...". Tiktok, 1 Feb 2026, https://www.tiktok.com/@abc7ny/video/7602373880598072590.

"Joshua Glover Day". America's Black Holocaust Museum, 2024, ABHMuseum, https://www.abhmuseum.org/events/joshua-glover-day/.

@onlyjayus. "LA protest". Tiktok, 12 Jun 2025, https://www.tiktok.com/@onlyjayus/video/7515119017011645742?q=onlyjayus%20LA%20protest&t=1771373914113.

"Marshal's Posse with Burns Moving Down State Street.". from "Anthony Burns, a history," by Charles Emery Stevens, 1856, New York Public Library, https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/fb2e3720-c608-012f-aa0b-58d385a7bc34?canvasIndex=0.

Moody, David William. "Milwaukee, Wisconsin". Smith Brothers & Co., 1854, Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Milwaukee_1858.jpg.

@stormibabyy27. "My Doordasher ran into my house...". TikTok, 8 Jan 2026, https://www.tiktok.com/@stormibabyy27/video/7593207856917269791?q=doordasher%20ICE%20stormi&t=1771366580569.

"Newman GIF". Fresno State Graduate Writing Studio, "Plagiarism Ponderings," by @fresnostategws, 21 Oct 2016, Fresno State Graduate Writing Studio, https://fresnostategraduatewritingstudio.wordpress.com/2016/10/21/plagiarism-ponderings/.

"Night attack on the court house, Boston". facing page 42, "Anthony Burns, a history," by Charles Emery Stevens, 1856, Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1856_attack_on_courthouse_Boston_AnthonyBurns.png.

"Operations of the Fugitive-Slave Law". Bobbett & Hooper Wood Engraving Company, 1855, National Park Service, https://www.nps.gov/kewe/a-migrant-story-ellen-dickens.htm.

E. C.. "Practical Illustration of the Fugitive Slave Law". 1851, Athenaem Digital Collections, https://cdm.bostonathenaeum.org/digital/collection/p16057coll41/id/61/.

Vucci, Evan. "President Donald Trump speaks...". Capradio, "Recapping Week Two of the Impeachment Inquiry Public Hearings", 18 Nov 2019, Capradio, https://www.capradio.org/news/insight/2019/11/18/recapping-week-two-of-the-impeachment-inquiry-public-hearings/.

Bassim, Mostafa, Anadolu, and Getty Images. "Protesters clas with law enforcement...". CNN, 11 Jan 2026, CNN, https://www.cnn.com/2026/01/11/politics/minneapolis-shooting-ice-watchers-protesters.

Brady, Mathew Benjamin. "Roger B. Taney". 1855-1860, Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2017896009/.

"Selling a Mother from her Child". All That Is Interesting, "27 Harrowing Images from the 1830s' Anti-Slavery Almanacs," by Erin Kelly, 14 Apr 2016, All That is Interesting, https://allthatsinteresting.com/anti-slavery-almanac.

"Sherman Booth (1812 - 1904)". Wisconsin Historical Society, Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sherman_Booth.png.

Guttenfelder, David. "Skirmishes between residents and heavily armed...". The New York Times, "'Like a Military Occupation': Clashes Rise With Federal Agents in Minneapolis" by Thomas Fuller and Jazmine Ulloa, 13 Jan 2026, NY Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/13/us/ice-videos-minnesota-trump-immigration.html.

@dabrownstein. "Such an icon of Mexican families on the run...". Musings on Maps, "Mapping Migrants’ Deaths along National Divides" by @dabrownstein, 21 Aug 2013, Musings on Maps, https://dabrownstein.com/2013/08/21/mapping-migrant-deaths-along-national-divides/2/.

"Tearing Up Free Papers". All That Is Interesting, "27 Harrowing Images from the 1830s' Anti-Slavery Almanacs," by Erin Kelly, 14 Apr 2016, All That is Interesting, https://allthatsinteresting.com/anti-slavery-almanac.

Locher, John. "Teyana Gibson Brown, second from right...". Associated Press, "Immigration offers assert sweeping power to enter homes without a judge's warrant, memo says," by Rebecca Santana, 21 Jan 2026, KSAT, https://www.ksat.com/news/politics/2026/01/21/immigration-officers-assert-sweeping-power-to-enter-homes-without-a-judges-warrant-memo-says/.

"The Compromise of 1850 admitted California as...". Compromise of 1850 Heritage Society, "Admission of the State of California into the Union", Compromise of 1850 Heritage Society, http://www.compromise-of-1850.org/admission-of-the-state-of-california-into-the-union/.

Sellas.. "The Compromise of 1850". Teachers Pay Teachers, "The Compromise of 1850 PowerPoint & Map Activity", 2017, Teachers Pay Teachers, https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/The-Compromise-of-1850-PowerPoint-Map-Activity-6399970.

"The Fugitive Slave Law...". Wikimedia Commons, 17 Oct 1850, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Fugitive_Slave_Law_%E2%80%A6_Hamlet_in_Chains.jpg.

"The purchaser of the husband has sent to have him dragged away...". All That Is Interesting, "27 Harrowing Images from the 1830s' Anti-Slavery Almanacs," by Erin Kelly, 14 Apr 2016, All That is Interesting, https://allthatsinteresting.com/anti-slavery-almanac.

"The Resurrection of Henry Box Brown at Philadelphia". A. Donnelly, 1850, Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2004665363/.

@noticiastelemundo. "Un video viral muestra cómo al menos...". Tiktok, 7 Feb 2026, https://www.tiktok.com/@noticiastelemundo/video/7604257255139101982.

Whitechurch, Robert.. "United States Senate Chamber". 1855, Smithsonian; National Portrait Gallery, https://npg.si.edu/object/npg_NPG.77.11.

@themeteor. "Well! This is where we are now...". Instagram, 21 May 2025, https://www.instagram.com/p/DJ67RSDzyfx/.

12 Years a Slave. Directed by Steve McQueen., Regency Enterprises / River Road Entertainment / Plan B Entertainment / Film4, 2013.

Eastman, Johnson. A Ride for Liberty - The Fugitive Slaves. Brooklyn Museum, 1862, https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/objects/495.

Alice. Directed by Krystin Ver Linden., Stampede Ventures / Steel Springs Pictures, 2022.

Amistad. Directed by Steven Spielberg., HBO Pictures, 1997.

Antebellum. Directed by Gerard Bush and Christopher Renz., QC Entertainment / Bush+Renz, 2020.

Django Unchained. Directed by Quentin Tarantino., A Band Apart / Columbia Pictures, 2012.

Gangs of New York. Directed by Martin Scorsese., Touchstone Pictures / Miramax Films / Alberto Grimaldi Productions, 2002.

Glory. Directed by Edward Zwick., Freddie Fields Productions, 1989.

Harriet. Directed by Kasi Lemmons., Perfect World Pictures / New Balloon / Stay Gold Features, 2019.

Dillon, Leo and Diane.. Jacket art for "Anthony Burns: The Defeat and Triumph of a Fugitive Slave" by Virginia Hamilton. Random House, Inc., 1988, Amazon, https://www.amazon.com/McDougal-Littell-Library-Anthony-Middle/dp/0679839976.

"Mister Fred." Directed by Darnell Martin. The Good Lord Bird season 1, episode 3. Created by Ethan Hawke and Mark Richard.. Under The Influence / Mark 914 Entertainment / Blumhouse Productions, 2020, YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pc7WyB-IG9o&list=TVSHPbzzxfcI800aPfT5nWLNDKxwd4KuKkVTg&index=3&t=2s.